Underreamer.



PATENTED AUG. 6',-1907..

E. DOUBLE.

UNDERREAMER.

APPLIQATION FILED SEPT. 10,1906.

" 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENT oEEIoE.

EDWARD DOUBLE, OF LOS ANGELES CALIFORNIA.

UNDERBEAMEB.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 6, 1907.

Application filed September 10, 1906. Serial N 331.045-

To all whom it may concern:

lle it known that I, EDWARD DOUBLE, o citizen'of the United States of America, residing in the city of Los Angeli-s, in the county of Los Ari fil ies, State of California, have invented certain Improvements in U ndcrrennicrs, of which the fol lowing is a specification."

This invention relates to underrca-mers for enlarging the bore of wells to permit the lowering of easing.

The object of this invention is to provide on underroomer which, when expanded to working position, shall possess the maximum strength, and in which the 'shoek or impact shall be taken up by heavy solid p'or tions of the body and bits or jaws and entirely removed from those portions of the renmcr neeessarily wca-kmied 1 5 to permit the jaws to expand and [.ontraet when the tool is lowered into and raised out of the well hole.

A further object of the invention is to render the expension and contraction of the jaws certain and eliminate all possibility of the loss of thc'nioving elements or 2 0 ports in the well hole.

Preferably my improved underrcnmer comprises a body or mu-mlrel having a centml bore or chamber prov'iding an open chmnhor within which longitudinally "mo'vnhle jaws or hits may tilt or swing to permit of their pivot-.11 movement in expanding or contmcting, and :1

hollow slotted extension or lower end, the twosidcs or wings of which uro provide-l with shoulders forming dovetail ways, terminnting :it their upper or inner ends in inwin'dly inclined allotments on the mandrel proper, 3 a spring uctllulnd rod mounted in said here or chamber,

and jaws or hits pivot-Ally mountedon said rod and providud with dovetail shoulders adapted to t-rzi-vel along suid dovetail ways ol the wings of the mandrel, and with portions adopted to contact with the lower e'i'i'il of the mandrel uud lherehy expand, the upper ends of the shimks of said hiis orjnws having inwardly inclined SUP-- lacescorresponding (o and adapted to horn upon said inwardly inolined ubutmenls when the j-rrws are expanded, inwardly inclined shoulders living provided on the hits to bear against the corresponding inclined nbutments formed at the extreme end-oi said slottedextension or lower end of the mandrel. i

The invention will he more readily understood by- 'rcierenco to the accompanying drawings, forming a port oi this HPOClllL'ithlOil and in which Figure l is a, side elevation oi n undcrroamor emhoclying my invention, the same hoing shown with the bits or jnws projecting out of it well easing and in exlarly the interior-dovetail whys on the inner feces of one side or wing of the hollow extension. or slotted end of the insndrel, and the inclined abutments at the inner or upper end of the dovetail ways and the inwardly inclined abutments at the extreme lower end of the mandrel. Fig. 5 shows idc elevations oi the ,ihws or hit-s,

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the jaws or hits.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of mother embodiment of my. invention, the szunqheing shown with the hits or jaws in expanded position outside the vi ell casing, the upper end of the mnndrcl being broken away. Fig. 8 is s. lore gitudinnl sectional view oi the underreemer of Fig: 7.

Fig. 9 is a sectional plan View taken on the line co -:0 of Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is'a longitudinsl sectional view of the mandrel, the upper portion of which is broken nwdy,

the view showing particularly the interior dovetail ways on the inner faces of oneside or wing ofthe hollow extension or slotted end of the mandrel, and the imelined shut-merits at the inner or upper ends of the dovetoil ways and the inwardly inclined obutments at the lower end of the mandrel. Fig. l l is a perspective View of one of the bits orjows of Figs. 7 J;

in the drawings, 2 represents 1e mandrel proper which is provided with the usual screw threaded pin not shown) at its upper end to swew into'tho socket oi the sub.

3 represents the central chamber or bore in which the spring actuated rod 4-is mounted. This bore terminates, preierzibly in a shoulder 5 (Figs. 2 and 3)- agninst which the spring 6 coiled about the rod 4., 8 hears the rod 1- operating through a reduced opening or bore. 'The upper end of the spring 6 hours against the head 7. (it is of course understood that the head 7 if desired may he in the form or a nut serewed. onto the ondof the rod 1). in Figs. 7 and. 8 l have shown at block b whiohis reinowibly held in the lower endof the hero 3 by dowel pins 9, 9, this block being provided with at central bore through which the rod 4 operntes. Slightly below this. shoulder 5,,(Figs. 1, 2 and '1) or block 8, (F gs. 7, 3 and 10) I provide 5 hollow slotted extension of the mandrel proper, forming howover an integml part and the lower end of the mandrel of the reamor. 'lhis extension hos two similar sides or wings 1.0, provided on their inner faces with dove 'tnil ways 1]. These dovetail ways 11 are prof g hly inl'lined as shown in Figs. 1, and 1. Those wings terminate in inwardly inclined shoulders or nhntnieuts 12 and similar inwardly inclined shoulders or shutinonts 13 are on the endof the mandrel proper at the upper ends of the dovetails ll mid. between the wings or sides of the hollow extension.

in Figs. and 21 have shown the rod -i as provided with it sepiunto hood or key It, which in lUrs. 7 and S the head or key H is shown integral with the rod 4. I prefer however to use the ruin-Arable hood or ilt 4 65 the not 7 become loose or the rod,4 break.

key 14 and to provide an integral bar 15 bridging between the sides or Wings of the hollow extension, thus forming e-shoulder preventing the loss of the rod 4 from the ,under'reamer if the head 7 should break or if the nut (if used in place of tbeiiltegral head) should unscrew and become detached. This also prevents the simidtanrous loss of the bits in the well hole, as hereinefterset forth. The lower surface of the bar may be double ind-lined, as shown, to enable me 10 to utilize this surface as a meilns for causing the expansion of the-bits or jaws Where such bar 15 is 'not provided theextreme endsoi the wings 10 are each double inclined for this purpose, asv shown at 15 in Figs. .7 and '9. 1

15 The jaws or bits 16 are provided with sockets 17 somewhatlerger than the head or key 14 to permit f the pivotal movement or tilting of the bits or jaws. When a removable key 14 is used I p for to provide *the bits with holes 18 located just above the line of the lower edge oig fihe, head 'or key 14, when in place, and to ins e11:- p-insjlll -thrpugh these holes. ,As shown 2 the removable head or key 14 isprovided withan offset or wing 20 on its upper edge. This offset projects above thonocketsor key seats 17 and pre vents the accidental slipping of the head or key 14 irorn'tlie rod 4- and bit'sf 16. In order to remove the bits from the iameriit is necessaryto first drive out the pins 19. r

The 'upper'ends offfihe shanks are inclined, as at 24', to correspond withithe shoulders 13 and the sides aft-the shanks and provided with dovetail shoulders 21 to engage the dovetail ways 1.1 on -the sides or wings 10 oi thahollowslbtted extension of the mandrel proper. V {is shown in 1-, 2, 3, 5 and 6,tl1e bits 16 are provided with inclined expansionshoulders 22 and fbearingfaces and as shown in Figs. it -3,5 4) and 11 With-inclined shoulders 24 at the sides of the bits,

the angle of inclination of these shoulders 24 corre- 40, sponding with the inclination of the abutments 12.01). the wings or sides 10 of the extension of the mandrelr Preferably when the bar 15 is employed the same is extended-up to the body portion of the mandrel proper, and is provided with a center bore in which i the rod 4 operates, and also provided with a slot. in

i which the head or key 14 works. 'Another advantage of this embodiment of my invention is that, as illustrated best in Fig. 3, when-the bits are expanded the surfaces 23 bear upon the surfaces of the upward extension of the bar 15 and form.'substautially a solid bit or drill adapted to withstand the greater strains of underreaming. 1

With a construction, as shown in Figs. 7- 10, where in the-bar 15 is not employed, the shoulders 24am" relied upon to cause the expansiouofthe bits as the same are drawn up by the spring 6 when the bits have passed out o'f'the well casing, the shoulders 24 'then riding up the inclined faces 15 of the ends of the 'wings 10 of the extension of the mandrel. In this form a detachable cross piece 25, in the form of a bolt, passes through thewings 10 near their lower ends. This cross piece 25 serves as a brace for the sides or wings of the extension of the mandrel. 11, also pro-- shoulders or abutments inwardly and upwardly inclined By thus providing the shoulders or abutments 12, 13 inclined or beveled inwardly and upwardly and the corresponding inclined shoulders or surfaces 24, 24

'on the bits or jaws, the impact of the undcrroamer when at work causes the bits to be forced in towards the center of the mandrel and the strain to be taken at the points of greatest strength, avoiding all possibility of breaking the dovetails.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A bit or Jaw, for an under reamer, havlng a body portion and a shank. the end of the shank beveled inwardly and upwardly, dovetail shoulders at the sides of the shank, inclined shoulders or abutments extending out laterally beyond the width of the shrink and beveled to col-respond with the bevel of the end ot the shank, and an,sxpnnslon'surfac e on its inner face. v

2. A. bit or jaw, for an under reamer, hnvlng a body portlon and a shank, the end 011 the shank beveled inwardly and upwardly, dovetail shoulders at the sides of the shank. Inclined shoulders or nbutmen ts extending out laterally beyond the wldthof the shank and beveled to correspond wlththe bevel oi the end of the shank, an expansion surtime on its inner face, :mdahead or key seat opening at the inner surface or the shank.

3. A bit or jaw, tor an under reamer, having a body po1- tlon' provided with cutting edges and with an expansion surface or shoulder, and a shank provided with a head or key seat extending through the shank and-with holes passing through the shank at the bottom or the key seat to receive key retaining plns'.

4. A blt or jaw, for an under reamer, having a body portlon provided with inwardly lncllned abutmeuts and expansiou' surface, and a shank having its upper end beveled to coi'l'espond with the lncllnntlon of sold abutments,-su 1d shank provided with a. key or head recelvlngseet or socket.

with a socket for Seating 9. key and withpln-holes at 'the lower edge of said socket adapted to receive pins. to prevent the accidental loss of the key or ,head 'from's'alrl socket. I

8. In an underreumer, a. mundrelturnished with n-hollow slottedjextenslon, and bits tlltlngly audslldlngly connected with the mandrel and having their upper ends inwardly and upwardly inclined and also provldod with shoulders or uhutments inwardly andupw'ardly inclined, sulcl extension having correspondingly lncllned dbutndents between its wlngsor skies at its upper end and corre' spondlngly inclined abutments at the lower emits of its wings or sides against whlch'the upper ends und'the 'lu cllued abutments of flflld bits bear when expanded.

9. In An un der-rcamer, a mandrel furnished-with a low slotted extension, 11nd bits tlltlngly and elldliigly'cohnected with the mandrel and having their. upper ends inwardly and upwardly Inclined and also provided wlth nnd also plovlded with dovetail shoulders, sold-extension haying correspondingly inclined abutinents between its sides or wings at ltsupper end against which the' upper ends of the bits are adapted to bear when expanded and correspondlngly lncllned ahutments at fluelowsr ends of 135 its sides or wlngs against which the'dnclrned abut ge'nts of the bits hour when expanded, said mandrel extension pro: vided with dovetail ways on the inner faces 01 its sides or wings conctlng with the dovelllli illouldfltfi 0 the MN.-

JO. An .unoer resmer mandrel having-a centrclxpore and. 2,46 :1 hollow slotted extension at its bottom, the Wingsmr sides or. said extension having dovetall ways on their, inner lsees and upwardly al'ldlu'wn'rdly inclined fl'bllt" ments at their lower ends, inwardly and upwardly inclined abutments being formed between the sides or wings or the extension at the upper end thereof.

11. An under rehmer mandrel having 91 central here and a hollow slotted extension 'atits bottom, the wings or their ends, a sprint actuated rodslldahiy monniw! in the (central bore of. said mandrel and a head or key therefor, hits or jaws provided with seats or socketstor said keyor' head permitting said jaws to tilt on said key or head,

said bits or jaws provided with vdovetail shoulders and with inwardly and upwardly inclined ahufments corre' sponding to and eeacting with the dovetail ways and inclined abutments of said mandrel.

13. An under renmer comprising a mandrel having a eentrai bore and a lower extension emisisting oi. two wings or sides having dovetail .ways on their inner faces and imvardly and u nvardly ineiinedaimienents at their ends. a spring-actuated ruii slidahly mounted in said eentral Bore, a removable key or head therefor, bits or jaws provided with key-seats or sockets somewhat larger than said key perfnitting the Jaws to tilt on said key,,retainlng pins passing through the jaws and through the lower portions oi! the key-seats and preventing the accidental slipping oi the key from said rod and seats; said hits or giaws provided with dovetail shoulders and with inwardiy'nnd upwardly inclined abntments corresponding to and adapted to enact with the dovetail ways and inclined ubntments of said mandrel.

14. An under reamer comprising a mandrel; bits slidlngly mounted on opposite sides or a portion of said mandrel and furnished on their inner faces with key-seats, said key seats being; somewhat larger than the key on the operatingrod, :1 spring-actuated operating-rod playing lengthwise of the mandrel and furnished with a key-seat.

and a key having a wing or flange at its center mounted Los'Angeles California this 4th day of September, 1000.

- EDWARD DOUBLE.-

in presenee-ofl l nnnmuen S. LYON, Fawn L. A. Gmu'mn. 

